How is 'theory' defined in a scientific context?

In a scientific context, a theory is defined as a hypothesis that has been rigorously tested and has not been falsified through experimentation and observation. This means that it has survived multiple attempts at being disproven and is supported by a significant body of evidence.

Theories serve as comprehensive explanations for a broad range of phenomena and are generally accepted within the scientific community because they provide dependable frameworks for understanding complex issues. Unlike mere guesses or untested assumptions, scientific theories are developed over time and refined through empirical research and peer review, giving them a level of credibility and reliability.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately capture the robust nature of a scientific theory. A guess based on limited observations lacks the necessary testing and validation, while an untested assumption does not hold the rigorous scientific grounding required to be considered a theory. Lastly, a subjective interpretation of data is not aligned with the objective analysis that underpins scientific theories, which strive for neutrality and reproducibility in their findings.